07/01/2025
Learn about the benefits of the Ti-Nspire CX’s Computer Algebra System (CAS) over the Ti-Nspire CX without CAS. Examples in Algebra and Calculus are...
TI 84 Calculator Manual (User Guide)
TI-84 Plus and TI-84 Plus Silver Edition Guidebook
Note: This guidebook for the TI-84 Plus or TI-84 Plus Silver Edition with operating system (OS) version 2.55MP. If your calculator has a previous OS version, your screens may look different and some features may not be available. You can download the latest OS education.ti.com/guides.
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© 2004–2010 Texas Instruments Incorporated
Vernier EasyData, Vernier LabPro, and Vernier Go! Motion are a trademarks of Vernier
Software & Technology.
ii
Contents
Important Information …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ii
Chapter 1:
Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Edition ……………………………………………………………………………… 1
Documentation Conventions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
TI-84 Plus Keyboard ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
Turning On and Turning Off the TI-84 Plus ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
Setting the Display Contrast ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4
The Display ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
Interchangeable Faceplates ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 8
Using the Clock ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
Entering Expressions and Instructions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11
Setting Modes ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 14
Using TI-84 Plus Variable Names ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19
Storing Variable Values ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 20
Recalling Variable Values ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
Scrolling Through Previous Entries on the Home Screen ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22
ENTRY (Last Entry) Storage Area ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22
TI-84 Plus Menus ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25
VARS and VARS Y-VARS Menus ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27
Equation Operating System (EOS™) ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29
Special Features of the TI-84 Plus ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30
Other TI-84 Plus Features ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 31
Error Conditions ……………………………………………………………………… 33
Chapter 3:
Function Graphing ……………………………………………………………………………… 65
Getting Started: Graphing a Circle ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 65
Defining Graphs ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 66
Setting the Graph Modes ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 67
Defining Functions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 68
Selecting and Deselecting Functions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 69
Setting Graph Styles for Functions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 71
Setting the Viewing Window Variables ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 73
Setting the Graph Format ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 74
Displaying Graphs ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 76
Exploring Graphs with the Free-Moving Cursor ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 78
Exploring Graphs with TRACE ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 78
Exploring Graphs with the ZOOM Instructions ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 80
Using ZOOM MEMORY ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 85
Using the CALC (Calculate) Operations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 87
Chapter 7:
Tables ……………………………………………………………………………… 115
Getting Started: Roots of a Function ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 115
Setting Up the Table ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 116
Defining the Dependent Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 117
Displaying the Table ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 118
Chapter 9:
Split Screen Tables ……………………………………………………………………………… 137
Getting Started: Exploring the Unit Circle ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 137
Using Split Screen ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 138
iv
Horiz (Horizontal) Split Screen ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 139
G-T (Graph-Table) Split Screen ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 140
TI-84 Plus Pixels in Horiz and G-T Modes ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 141
iii
Chapter 10:
Matrices ……………………………………………………………………………… 143
Getting Started: Using the MTRX Shortcut Menu ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 143
Getting Started: Systems of Linear Equations ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 144
Defining a Matrix ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 145
Viewing and Editing Matrix Elements ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 146
Using Matrices with Expressions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 148
Displaying and Copying Matrices ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 149
Using Math Functions with Matrices ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 151
Using the MATRX MATH Operations ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 154
Chapter 12:
Statistics ……………………………………………………………………………… 178
Getting Started: Pendulum Lengths and Periods ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 178
Setting Up Statistical Analyses ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 184
Using the Stat List Editor ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 185
Attaching Formulas to List Names ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 188
Detaching Formulas from List Names ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 190
Switching Stat List Editor Contexts ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 190
Stat List Editor Contexts ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 192
STAT EDIT Menu ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 193
Regression Model Features ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 195
STAT CALC Menu ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 198
Statistical Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 206
Statistical Analysis in a Program ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 207
Statistical Plotting ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 208
Statistical Plotting in a Program ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 212
Chapter 15:
CATALOG, Strings, Hyperbolic Functions ……………………………………………………………………………… 266
Browsing the TI-84 Plus CATALOG ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 266
Entering and Using Strings ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 267
Storing Strings to String Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 268
String Functions and Instructions in the CATALOG ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 269
Hyperbolic Functions in the CATALOG ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 273
Chapter 16:
Programming ……………………………………………………………………………… 275
Getting Started: Volume of a Cylinder ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 275
Creating and Deleting Programs ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 276
Entering Command Lines and Executing Programs ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 278
Editing Programs ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 279
Copying and Renaming Programs ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 280
PRGM CTL (Control) Instructions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 281
PRGM I/O (Input/Output) Instructions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 288
Calling Other Programs as Subroutines ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 293
Running an Assembly Language Program ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 294
Chapter 18:
Memory and Variable Management ……………………………………………………………………………… 326
Checking Available Memory ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 326
Deleting Items from Memory ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 329
Clearing Entries and List Elements ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 329
Archiving and UnArchiving Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 330
Resetting the TI-84 Plus ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 333
Grouping and Ungrouping Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 336
Garbage Collection ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 339
ERR:ARCHIVE FULL Message ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 343
Chapter 19:
Communication Link ………………………………………………………………………….. 344
Getting Started: Sending Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 344
TI-84 Plus LINK ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 345
Selecting Items to Send ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 347
Receiving Items ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 350
Backing Up RAM Memory ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 351
Error Conditions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 352
Chapter 2:
Math, Angle, and Test Operations ……………………………………………………………………………… 35
Getting Started: Coin Flip ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35
Keyboard Math Operations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35
MATH Operations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 38
Using the Equation Solver ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 42
MATH NUM (Number) Operations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 45
Entering and Using Complex Numbers ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 50
MATH CPX (Complex) Operations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 54
MATH PRB (Probability) Operations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 56
ANGLE Operations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 59
TEST (Relational) Operations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 62
TEST LOGIC (Boolean) Operations ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 63
iii
Chapter 4:
Parametric Graphing ……………………………………………………………………………… 91
Getting Started: Path of a Ball ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 91
Defining and Displaying Parametric Graphs ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 93
Exploring Parametric Graphs ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 95
Chapter 5:
Polar Graphing ……………………………………………………………………………… 97
Getting Started: Polar Rose ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 97
Defining and Displaying Polar Graphs ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 98
Exploring Polar Graphs ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 100
Chapter 6:
Sequence Graphing …………………………………………………………………………….. 102
Getting Started: Forest and Trees ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 102
Defining and Displaying Sequence Graphs ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 103
Selecting Axes Combinations ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 107
Exploring Sequence Graphs ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 107
Graphing Web Plots ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 109
Using Web Plots to Illustrate Convergence ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 110
Graphing Phase Plots ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 111
Comparing TI-84 Plus and TI-82 Sequence Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 113
Keystroke Differences Between TI-84 Plus
and TI-82 ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 114
Chapter 8:
Draw Instructions …………………………………………………………………………….. 121
Getting Started: Drawing a Tangent Line ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 121
Using the DRAW Menu ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 122
Clearing Drawings ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 123
Drawing Line Segments ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 124
Drawing Horizontal and Vertical Lines ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 125
Drawing Tangent Lines ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 126
Drawing Functions and Inverses ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 127
Shading Areas on a Graph ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 128
Drawing Circles ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 128
Placing Text on a Graph ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 129
Using Pen to Draw on a Graph ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 130
Drawing Points on a Graph ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 131
Drawing Pixels ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 132
Storing Graph Pictures (Pic) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 134
Recalling Graph Pictures (Pic) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 135
Storing Graph Databases (GDB) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 135
Recalling Graph Databases (GDB) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 136
Chapter 11:
Lists ……………………………………………………………………………… 161
Getting Started: Generating a Sequence ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 161
Naming Lists ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 162
Storing and Displaying Lists ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 163
Entering List Names ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 164
Attaching Formulas to List Names ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 165
Using Lists in Expressions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 167
LIST OPS Menu ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 168
LIST MATH Menu ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 175
Chapter 13:
Inferential Statistics and Distributions ……………………………………………………………………………… 215
Getting Started: Mean Height of a Population ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 215
Inferential Stat Editors ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 218
STAT TESTS Menu ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 221
Inferential Statistics Input Descriptions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 239
Test and Interval Output Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 240
Distribution Functions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 241
Distribution Shading ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 248
Chapter 14:
Applications ……………………………………………………………………………… 251
The Applications Menu ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 251
Getting Started: Financing a Car ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 252
Getting Started: Computing Compound Interest ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 253
Using the TVM Solver ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 253
Using the Financial Functions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 254
Calculating Time Value of Money (TVM) ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 255
Calculating Cash Flows ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 257
Calculating Amortization ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 258
Calculating Interest Conversion ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 261
Finding Days between Dates/Defining Payment Method ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 261
Using the TVM Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 262
The EasyData™ Application ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 263
Chapter 17:
Activities ……………………………………………………………………………… 296
The Quadratic Formula ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 296
Box with Lid ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 299
Comparing Test Results Using Box Plots ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 306
Graphing Piecewise Functions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 308
Graphing Inequalities ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 309
Solving a System of Nonlinear Equations ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 310
Using a Program to Create the Sierpinski Triangle ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 311
Graphing Cobweb Attractors ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 312
Using a Program to Guess the Coefficients ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 313
Graphing the Unit Circle and Trigonometric Curves ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 315
Finding the Area between Curves ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 316
Using Parametric Equations: Ferris Wheel Problem ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 317
Demonstrating the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 319
Computing Areas of Regular N-Sided Polygons ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 321
Computing and Graphing Mortgage Payments ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 323
Appendix A:
Functions and Instructions ……………………………………………………………………………… 354
Appendix B:
Reference Information …………………………………………………………………………….. 383
Variables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 383
Statistics Formulas ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 384
Financial Formulas ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 387
Important Things You Need to Know About Your TI-84 Plus ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 391
Error Conditions ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 394
Accuracy Information ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 398
Appendix C:
Service and Warranty Information ……………………………………………………………………………… 400
Texas Instruments Support and Service ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 400
Battery Information ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 400
In Case of Difficulty ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 402
Chapter 1:
Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Edition
Documentation Conventions
In the body of this guidebook, TI-84 Plus refers to the TI-84 Plus Silver Edition, but all of the instructions, examples, and functions in this guidebook also work for the TI-84 Plus. The two graphing calculators differ only in available RAM memory, interchangeable faceplates, and Flash application ROM memory. Sometimes, as in Chapter 19, the full name TI-84 Plus Silver Edition is used to distinguish it from the TI-84 Plus.
education.ti.com.
A new MODE menu item, STAT WIZARDS is available with OS version 2.55MP for syntax entry help for commands and functions in the STAT CALC menu, DISTR DISTR menu, DISTR DRAW menu and the seq( function (sequence) in the LIST OPS menu. When selecting a supported statistics command, regression or distribution with the STAT WIZARDS setting ON: (the default setting) a syntax help (wizard) screen is displayed. The wizard allows the entry of required and optional arguments. The function or command will paste with the entered arguments to the Home Screen history or in most other locations where the cursor is available for input. If a command or function is accessed from N the command or function will paste without wizard support. Run the Catalog Help application (Œ) for more syntax help when needed. APPS
TI-84 Plus Keyboard
Generally, the keyboard is divided into these zones: graphing keys, editing keys, advanced function keys, and scientific calculator keys.
Keyboard Zones
Graphing — Graphing keys access the interactive graphing features. The third function of these keys (t ^–a) displays the shortcut menus, which include templates for fractions, n/d, quick matrix entry, and some of the functions found on the MATH and VARS menus.
Editing — Editing keys allow you to edit expressions and values.
Advanced — Advanced function keys display menus that access the advanced functions.
Scientific — Scientific calculator keys access the capabilities of a standard scientific calculator.
Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Edition 1
TI-84 Plus Silver Edition
Graphing Keys
Editing Keys
Advanced
Function Keys
Scientific
Calculator Keys
Using the Color.Coded Keyboard
The keys on the TI-84 Plus are color-coded to help you easily locate the key you need.
The light colored keys are the number keys. The keys along the right side of the keyboard are the common math functions. The keys across the top set up and display graphs. The Πkey provides access to applications such as the Inequality Graphing, Transformation Graphing, Conic Graphing, Polynomial Root Finder and Simultaneous Equation Solver, and Catalog Help.
The primary function of each key is printed on the keys. For example, when you press , the
MATH menu is displayed.
Using the y and ƒ Keys
The secondary function of each key is printed above the key. When you press the y key, the character, abbreviation, or word printed above the other keys becomes active for the next keystroke. For example, when you press y and then , the TEST menu is displayed. This guidebook describes this keystroke combination as y :.
Many keys also have a third function. These functions are printed above the keys in the same color as the ƒ key. The third functions enter alphabetic characters and special symbols as well as access SOLVE and shortcut menus. For example, when you press ƒ and then , the letter A is entered. This guidebook describes this keystroke combination as ƒ [A].
Chapter 1: Operating the TI-84 Plus Silver Edition 2
If you want to enter several alphabetic characters in a row, you can press y 7 to lock the alpha key in the On position and avoid having to press ƒ multiple times. Press ƒ a second time to unlock it.
Note: The flashing cursor changes to Ø when you press ƒ, even if you are accessing a function or a menu.
y Accesses the second function printed above each key.
ƒ
Accesses the third function printed above each key.
ƒ ^ – a Access shortcut menus for functionality including templates for fractions, n/d, and other
functions.
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